Transbasin water transfers

Presented at the 2001 USCID water management conference, Transbasin water transfers on June 27-30, 2001 in Denver, Colorado.Includes bibliographical references.Manusmara River Basin, a sub-basin of the Bagmati River Basin, lies in the Terai of Nepal. It lies in the sub-tropical climatic zone. The topography is almost flat with a very gentle slope towards the south. Up to the mid 1960s, a large portion was covered by dense, Sal forest. At present, only 6% of the area is occupied by forest. Over the last few decades, consumption of water especially for agriculture has increased tremendously. This paper draws out the history of agricultural development in the basin and its interface with the efforts made by the fanners to use the basin water resources. Water accounting has revealed that Manusmara is an "open basin" and it still offers ample scope for transbasin transfers and further harnessing of the available water. Even during the driest year, only 46% of the available water resources is depleted. This leaves more than half of the basin's yield for undeclared uses. The basin is at the initial stage of development. On the basis of the water account and an institutional analysis, the paper offers some suggestions for integrated development of the basin

Transbasin water transfers

Presented at the 2001 USCID water management conference, Transbasin water transfers on June 27-30, 2001 in Denver, Colorado.Transbasin diversions historically have facilitated settlement of the West, an inhospitable land without the development of water. Given that water is a finite resource, new competing environmental/recreational demands set the stage for increased motivation for efficient water management, controversy and finally litigation. Regarding the Dolores River, two diversions, primarily for agriculture, began with private development in 1886. Within a short period of time, the River below the point of the two diversion was a dry - dead river during the annual irrigation season. One of the components of the Bureau of Reclamation's Dolores Project, which was constructed, beginning in 1979 and completed in 1999, was to re-water the river during irrigation season. The second largest user of the new McPhee Reservoir, an on-stream impoundment facility, is the water (33,200 acre feet) released to resurrect the river below McPhee to create habitat for a quality fishery. A controversy erupted during the five year drought of 1988-1992. It focused on the pattern of the release. It was determined that management of a "pool" of water, where less water would be released during the cold winter months and greater flows during the hot summer months would be advantageous. It took five years to agree, and implement that change. The controversy now focuses on the fact that the "pool" is not big enough. Last fall the Dolores Water Conservancy District finished a feasibility study, with CWCB funding, of a project called WETPACK (Water for Everyone Tomorrow PACKage). WETPACK's purpose is two fold. First, it explored ways to obtain / develop more water for the fishery. Second, it moves water, that Montezuma Valley Irrigation Company is not presently using, to the Dove Creek area of the Dolores Project to develop 4,000 acres of added irrigation. The District recently obtained a loan from CWCB to begin the agriculture portion of WET PACK

USCID water management conference

Presented at Upgrading technology and infrastructure in a finance-challenged economy: a USCID water management conference held on March 23-26, 2010 in Sacramento, California.With rising cropping intensity and more and more adaptation of high yielding varieties, the level of irrigation service demanded by farmers is on the rise. This coupled with greater fluctuations in supply sources due to issues like climate change has been making the task of the irrigation water supply providers even more difficult. In order to meet this rising demand of service level, it is essential to have appropriate infrastructure and matching technology which needs to be established in the case of new schemes and continuously maintained and upgraded in the case of existing irrigation schemes. While new technologies are being developed to meet these requirements the other key challenge lies in making it efficient and cost effective. This paper gives an overview of the context of Nepal and explains the need of making investments in irrigation more cost-effective. It mentions about the exercises that were carried out in large irrigation schemes using the approach and tool developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization on the United Nations (FAO) and discusses how the country was able to identify the needs and plan and implement the irrigation modernization works in a cost-effective way and produce optimum results using the limited available resources

Dynamics of Upland Utilization and Forest Land Management : A Case Study in Yasothon Province, Northeast Thailand

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。In Northeast Thailand, upland is a place of conflict between upland field expansion and forest conservation, and between land suitability and external market demand. This paper highlights the dynamic process of upland utilization and forest land management during the last several decades through a case study of upland in an area dominated by paddy fields in Yasothon province, and discusses the impacts of commercial cultivation on land resources management. Upland utilization showed dynamic changes according to individual villagers' demands for upland crop cultivation, and forest land management was also affected by this demand. Nevertheless, upland utilization was, as a whole, well balanced between upland field expansion and forest conservation. Diversification of villagers' income sources is found to be a key issue in flexible and proper land resources management

Role of remittances in building farm assets in the flood affected households in Koshi Sub-Basin in Nepal

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